hidden brain transcript

So I think that nobody would say that they don't think language should change. But it's so hard to feel that partly because our brains are on writing, as I say in the book. Whats going on here? Google Podcasts - hidden brain We're speaking today with cognitive science professor Lera Boroditsky about language. You have to do it in order to fit into the culture and to speak the language. As someone who works in media, I often find that people who can write well are often people who know how to think well, so I often equate clarity of writing with clarity of thought. Marcus Butt/Getty Images/Ikon Images Hidden Brain Why Nobody Feels Rich by Shankar Vedantam , Parth Shah , Tara Boyle , Rhaina Cohen September 14, 2020 If you've ever flown in economy class. Dictionaries are wonderful things, but they create an illusion that there's such thing as a language that stands still, when really it's the nature of human language to change. And a girl goes in this pile. BORODITSKY: The way to say my name properly in Russian is (speaking foreign language), so I don't make people say that. But it's a lovely example of how language can guide you to discover something about the world that might take you longer to discover if you didn't have that information in language. And, of course, you always have to wonder, well, could it be that speakers of these different languages are actually seeing different kinds of bridges? You can't know, but you can certainly know that if could listen to people 50 years from now, they'd sound odd. When we come back, we dig further into the way that gender works in different languages and the pervasive effects that words can play in our lives. VEDANTAM: Our conversation made me wonder about what this means on a larger scale. They believe that their language reflects the true structure of the world. So for example, you might not imagine the color shirt that he's wearing or the kinds of shoes that he's wearing. If you're just joining us, I'm talking to John McWhorter. I'm Shankar Vedantam. And all of a sudden, I noticed that there was a new window that had popped up in my mind, and it was like a little bird's-eye view of the landscape that I was walking through, and I was a little red dot that was moving across the landscape. Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button. Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, by Philip Tetlock, Psychology Review, 2002. Transcript 585: In Defense of Ignorance Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard. If you're studying a new language, you might discover these phrases not. It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. But if you ask bilinguals, who have learned two languages and now they know that some genders disagree across the two languages, they're much less likely to say that it's because chairs are intrinsically masculine. Hidden Brain A brief history of relationship research in social psychology, by Harry T. Reis, in Handbook of the History of Social Psychology, 2011. Hidden Brain Claim By Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Podcasts RSS Web PODCAST SEARCH EPISODES COMMUNITY PODCASTER EDIT SHARE Listen Score LS 84 Global Rank TOP 0.01% ABOUT THIS PODCAST Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. That's what it's all about. You couldn't have predicted this I know-uh move-uh (ph). VEDANTAM: I asked Lera how describing the word chair or the word bridge as masculine or feminine changes the way that speakers of different languages think about those concepts. You can support Hidden Brain indirectly by giving to your local NPR station, or you can provide direct support to Hidden Brain by making a gift on our Patreon page. All rights reserved. Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #6: (Speaking foreign language). Language as it evolved was just talking to an extent that can be very hard for we literate people to imagine. We'll also look at how languages evolve, and why we're sometimes resistant to those changes. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways w, Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. LERA BORODITSKY: The categorization that language provides to you becomes real - becomes psychologically real. Lots of languages make a distinction between things that are accidents and things that are intentional actions. VEDANTAM: I understand that there's also been studies looking at how artists who speak different languages might paint differently depending on how their languages categorize, you know, concepts like a mountain or death. Could this affect the way, you know, sexism, conscious or unconscious, operates in our world? And we looked at every personification and allegory in Artstor and asked, does the language that you speak matter for how you paint death, depending on whether the word death is masculine or feminine in your language? Imagine this. The only question was in which way. Newer episodes are unlikely to have a transcript as it takes us a few weeks to process and edit each transcript. That's the way words are, too. And if that is true, then the educated person can look down on people who say Billy and me went to the store or who are using literally, quote, unquote, "wrong" and condemn them in the kinds of terms that once were ordinary for condemning black people or women or what have you. This is HIDDEN BRAIN. You can also connect directly with our sponsorship representative by emailing [emailprotected]. Which pile do you go in, right? We can't help, as literate people, thinking that the real language is something that sits still with letters written all nice and pretty on a page that can exist for hundreds of years, but that's not what language has ever been. They shape our place in it. Hidden Brain - Transcripts And to arrive in a new place where you can't tell a joke and can't express an idea - oh, it's just really painful because you feel like your whole self is hiding inside and no one can see it. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. It's too high. Young people have always used language in new and different ways, and it's pretty much always driven older people crazy. The categorization that language provides to you becomes real, becomes psychologically real. They give us a sense that the meanings of words are fixed, when in fact they're not. And after listening to you, I realize I might have to finally give in. As soon as you move the leg, it becomes a different leg. In the final episode of our Relationships 2.0 series, psychologistHarry Reis says theres another ingredient to successful relationships thats every bit as important as love. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. VEDANTAM: You make the case that concerns over the misuse of language might actually be one of the last places where people can publicly express prejudice and class differences. VEDANTAM: I'm Shankar Vedantam. In the final episode of our "Mind Reading 2.0" series, we bring back one of our favorite conversations, with linguist Deborah Tannen. Our team includes Laura Kwerel, Adhiti Bandlamudi and our supervising producer Tara Boyle. And it's not just about how we think about time. Does Legal Education Have Undermining Effects on Law Students? So if the word for death was masculine in your language, you were likely to paint death as a man. You can find the transcript for most episodes of Hidden Brain on our website. Toula and Ian's different backgrounds become apparent on one of their very first dates. For more on decision-making, check out our episode on how to make wiser choices. Something new will have started by then, just like if we listen to people in 1971, they sound odd in that they don't say like as much as we do. It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. So you might say, there's an ant on your northwest leg. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #2: (Speaking foreign language). It's not something that you typically go out trying to do intentionally. BORODITSKY: Yeah. But then you start writing things down and you're in a whole new land because once things are sitting there written on that piece of paper, there's that illusion. Mistakes and errors are what turned Latin into French. We post open positions (including internships) on our jobs page. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #9: (Speaking German). Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. You would give a different description to mark that it was not intentional. But, you know, John, something gnaws at me every time I hear the word used wrong. And MIT linguist Ken Hale, who's a renowned linguist, said that every time a language dies, it's the equivalent of a bomb being dropped on the Louvre. BORODITSKY: My family is Jewish, and we left as refugees. And if you teach them that forks go with women, they start to think that forks are more feminine. How do certain memes go viral? Hidden Brain (podcast) - Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam - Listen Notes How come you aren't exactly the way you were 10 years ago? Copyright 2023 Steno. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. If you dont see any jobs posted there, feel free to send your resume and cover letter to [emailprotected] and well keep your materials on hand for future openings on the show. Additional Resources Book: We call this language Gumbuzi. I'm Shankar Vedantam. L. Gable, et. something, even though it shouldn't be so much of an effort. Look at it. MCWHORTER: Oh, yeah, I'm a human being. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #4: (Speaking foreign language). And so for me, that question was born in that conversation of are there some languages where it's easier to imagine a person without their characteristics of gender filled in? You do the hokey pokey and you turn yourself around. Those sorts things tend to start with women. And one thing that we've noticed is that around the world, people rely on space to organize time. VEDANTAM: One of the ultimate messages I took from your work is that, you know, we can choose to have languages that are alive or languages that are dead. This week, we continue our look at the science of influence with psychologist Robert Cialdini, and explore how these techniques can be used for both good and evil. Perspectives on the Situation by Harry T. Reis, and John G. Holmes, in The Oxford Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology, 2012. And so somebody says something literally, somebody takes a point literally. So I just think that it's something we need to check ourselves for. GEACONE-CRUZ: It's this phrase that describes something between I can't be bothered or I don't want to do it or I recognize the incredible effort that goes into something, even though it shouldn't be so much of an effort. Shankar Vedantam: This is Hidden Brain. Goal Striving, Need Satisfaction, and Longitudinal Well-being: The Self-Concordance Model, by Kennon M. Sheldon and Andrew J. Elliot, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999. Hidden Brain explores the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior and questions that lie at the heart of our complex and changing world. That is exactly why you should say fewer books instead of less books in some situations and, yes, Billy and I went to the store rather than the perfectly natural Billy and me went to the store. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? Each language comprises the ideas that have been worked out in a culture over thousands of generations, and that is an incredible amount of cultural heritage and complexity of thought that disappears whenever a language dies. and pick the featured episodes for your show. So we did an analysis of images in Artstor. So you may start with moving your southwest leg in, but then you have to move your northeast leg out. Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. This week, in the second installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Todd Kashdan looks at the relationship between distress and happiness, and how to keep difficult emotions from sabotaging our wellbeing. al (Eds. There are different ways to be a psychologist. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. But also, I started wondering, is it possible that my friend here was imagining a person without a gender for this whole time that we've been talking about them, right? How does that sound now? But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? And you suddenly get a craving for potato chips, and you realize that you have none in the kitchen, and there's nothing else you really want to eat. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. Lera is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. And so even though I insist that there is no scientific basis for rejecting some new word or some new meaning or some new construction, I certainly have my visceral biases. We recommend movies or books to a friend. So there are some differences that are as big as you can possibly measure. All sponsorship opportunities on Hidden Brain are managed by SXM Media. I think that the tone that many people use when they're complaining that somebody says Billy and me went to the store is a little bit incommensurate with the significance of the issue. If you grew up speaking a language other than English, you probably reach for words in your native tongue without even thinking about it. You would never know, for example, that - give you an example I've actually been thinking about. In The Air We Breathe . 585: In Defense of Ignorance - This American Life VEDANTAM: (Laughter) All right, I think it might be time for me to confess one of my pet peeves. There's been a little bit of research from economists actually looking at this. It's part of a general running indication that everything's OK between you and the other person, just like one's expected to smile a little bit in most interactions. MCWHORTER: You could have fun doing such a thing. Accuracy and availability may vary. 00:55:27 Hidden Brain Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button This is HIDDEN BRAIN. Hidden Brain - Transcripts Hidden Brain - Transcripts Subscribe 435 episodes Share Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. There was no way of transcribing an approximation of what people said and nobody would have thought of doing it. Put this image on your website to promote the show -, Happiness 2.0: The Only Way Out Is Through, Report inappropriate content or request to remove this page. VEDANTAM: Around the world, we often hear that many languages are dying, and there are a few megalanguages that are growing and expanding in all kinds of ways. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. JENNIFER GEACONE-CRUZ: My name is Jennifer Geacone-Cruz. 5.3 Misbehaving Hidden Brain NPR - HOURLY NEWS DONATE < Predictably So it's easy to think, oh, I could imagine someone without thinking explicitly about what they're wearing. And we're all going to have feelings like that. And you say that dictionaries in some ways paint an unrealistic portrait of a language. ADAM COLE, BYLINE: (Singing) You put your southwest leg in, and you shake it all about. BORODITSKY: So quite literally, to get past hello, you have to know which way you're heading. VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. Interpersonal Chemistry: What Is It, How Does It Emerge, and How Does it Operate? HIDDEN BRAIN < Lost in Translation: January 29, 20189:00 PM ET VEDANTAM: Well, that's kind of you, Lera. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. One study that I love is a study that asked monolingual speakers of Italian and German and also bilingual speakers of Italian and German to give reasons for why things are the grammatical genders that they are. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Writing has come along relatively recently. (LAUGHTER) VEDANTAM: In the English-speaking world, she goes by Lera Boroditsky. Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. So for example, for English speakers - people who read from left to right - time tends to flow from left to right. Hidden Brain: The NPR Archive : NPR - NPR.org BORODITSKY: Well, there may not be a word for left to refer to a left leg. But if you seed a watermelon, nobody assumes that you're taking seeds and putting them in the watermelon, you're taking them out. Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. - you would have to say something like, my arm got broken, or it so happened to me that my arm is broken. When she was 12, her family came to the United States from the Soviet Union. GEACONE-CRUZ: And I ended up living there for 10 years. You-uh (ph). My big fat greek wedding, an american woman of greek ancestry falls in love with a very vanilla, american man. VEDANTAM: So I find that I'm often directionally and navigationally challenged when I'm driving around, and I often get my east-west mixed up with my left-right for reasons I have never been able to fathom. And you suddenly get a craving for potato chips, and you, realize that you have none in the kitchen, and there's nothing else you really want to, eat. Lera, thank you so much for joining me on HIDDEN BRAIN today. Copyright 2018 NPR. Many people have this intuition that, oh, I could never learn that; I could never survive in a community like this. It has to do with the word momentarily. And what he found was kids who were learning Hebrew - this is a language that has a lot of gender loading in it - figured out whether they were a boy or a girl about a year sooner than kids learning Finnish, which doesn't have a lot of gender marking in the language. BORODITSKY: I had this wonderful opportunity to work with my colleague Alice Gaby in this community called Pormpuraaw in - on Cape York. And so I set myself the goal that I would learn English in a year, and I wouldn't speak Russian to anyone for that whole first year. Hidden Brain Feb 23, 2023 Happiness 2.0: Surprising Sources of Joy Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. How do you balance the imperative of teaching correct usage? But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? Hidden Brain | Hidden Brain Media And you can just - it rolls off the tongue, and you can just throw it out. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. VEDANTAM: So I want to talk about a debate that's raged in your field for many years. You know, lots of people blow off steam about something they think is wrong, but very few people are willing to get involved and do something about it. Another possibility is that it's a fully integrated mind, and it just incorporates ideas and distinctions from both languages or from many languages if you speak more than two. In the United States, we often praise people with strong convictions, and look down on those who express doubt or hesitation. You can search for the episode or browse all episodes on our Archive Page. Cholera and malnourishment await Somalis fleeing . And in fact, speakers of languages like this have been shown to orient extremely well - much better than we used to think humans could. These relationships can help you feel cared for and connected. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. And so somebody will say, well, who was it who you thought was going to give you this present? Maybe they like the same kinds of food, or enjoy the same hobbies. And they said, well, of course. But, if you dig a little deeper, you may find that they share much more: they might make the same amount of money as you, or share the, We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. What do you do for christmas with your family? He. And then if you are going to be that elliptical, why use the casual word get? This week, in the final installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Dacher Keltner describes what happens when we stop to savor the beauty in nature, art, or simply the moral courage of those around us.

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